On 3 July, 1965, in Doughboy Stadium at Fort
Benning, Georgia, the colors of the 11th Air Assault Division (Test)
were cased and retired. As
the band played the rousing strains of Garry Owen, the colors of the 1st
Cavalry Division were moved onto the field. As part of the reorganization,
the 11th Air Assault Military Police Company was redesignated as
the 545th Military Police Company, 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile).
Shortly thereafter, by mid August, an advance
party of Military Police from the 545th MP Company was shipped out
by troop transport and aircraft carriers from Charleston, Virginia
in August 1965. The military
policemen from the 545th MP Company acted as the Provost Marshal Section
for each ship, including guarding prisoners who had attempted to go AWOL. As
their ships arrived in Vietnam beginning 12 September, the 545th
Military Police Company set up operations and began to expedite traffic.
Once an adequate traffic control system was
established, the troops were flown by helicopters or accompanied convoys
from Qui Nhon up Highway 19 to the Division Base Camp at An Khe. Arriving at Camp Radcliff,
they commenced the construction of their company area while providing
security and carrying out Division Military Police Duties. Beginning
in mid September several Infantry battalions supported the 1st Brigade
of the 101st Airborne Division.
On 01 October, Operation Shiny Bayonet (the First Teams first Brigade-sized
airmobile operation) commenced with the Military Police providing convoy
security; traffic control points; guards for captured materials and weapons;
forward collection points and in some instances, 24 hour bridge security
along Highway 19 from Qui Nhon through the An Khe Pass and Mang Yang Pass
where four thousand French Soldiers lost their lives.
By mid October an MP Desk with traffic and
criminal investigation division (CID) sections were established in
the division base areas. A second
MP Desk was operated in the Village of An Khe. In late October through
November the Plei Me-Pleiku Campaign kept assigned MP platoons of the
1st, 2nd and 3rd Brigades busy. The Security Platoon accompanied the Division
Forward Headquarters. By the end of 1965, the 545th MP’s
had established and operated key roadblocks with the assistance of
the Vietnam National Police.
Starting on 25 January 1966, the 545th MP Company
supported operations “Masher/White
Wing” by providing guards for captured materials and weapons and
operated an enclosure for detained VC suspects. The MP’s
aided Military Intelligence Teams whenever they became involved in sweeps
of populated areas – guarding, searching, detaining, protecting
and detecting. MP’s of the 545th regularly accompanied Civil
Affairs personnel to secure them while they operated in areas of tactical
operations within the Division’s AO.
In late march, during operations “Lincoln and Mosby”, convoy
escorts from An Khe to the forward CP of the 1st Brigade were provided. In
October of 1966, forward collection points were set up where brigades
were operating. All military age males and detainees were sent by
the maneuver battalions to the collection point supporting its brigade. There,
confirmed enemy were interrogated for immediate tactical information,
then evacuated through regular prisoner of war channels. Other
detainees were held at forward collections points for questioning
by military intelligence, the National Police or Hamlet Cadre in order
to classify them as friendly or enemy.

In June of 1967, the 545th MP’s launched into operations with the
Police Field Force (PFF). These were combined operations, mainly
with the Vietnam 222nd Battalion, Combat National Police. The mode
of operation was to cordon a village at dawn. The Vietnamese Police
searched houses and questioned people as they moved through.
After the 1st Cavalry Division moved south
to III Corps, the 545th MP’s
continued their missions of Theater of Combat (TOC) security and convoy
control. They also began combined operations with the Vietnamese
National Police in traffic control and “populace and resource control”. The
progress of the war meant an increase, rather than a decrease, in the
duties of the 545th MP Co. There were fewer prisoners of war
to care for and fewer hostile hamlets to search, but relative peace
of 1969 increased the need for traffic control, black market suppression
and elimination and the maintenance of security in all the civil
and military rear areas.
On 05 May 1971, the colors of the 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile) were
moved from Vietnam to Fort Hood Texas and another chapter of the colorful
history of the 545th Military Police Company came to an end.
Information obtained from the
Historical Archives of the 1st Cavalry Division, Fort Hood, Texas